European History: General Encyclopedias

A guide to resources in researching European history (1450-present) at PSU Library.

Online Subject Encyclopedias

Scholarly subject encyclopedias provide in-depth information about a specific topic. Entries or articles, written by scholars or subject experts, include bibliographies or suggested readings that will lead to more information on your topic.

Use subject encyclopedias for basic background reading, to find a topic, or to identify keywords in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences.

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General Works

Other European Countries

Works by Topic and Chronology