UNST Failure: Background Information
Narrow Your Topic
The topic you choose will be guided by your assignment. Read your assignment instructions carefully. Then, consider the following questions:
What?
- What do you already know about it? What do you want to know about it?
- What aspects, or viewpoints, about your topic interest you most?
Who?
- Which groups are most affected by your topic? For example, gender, age, occupation, ethnicity, etc.
- Who is involved in the discussion?
Where?
- What place or geographic region does your topic most affect?
- Is it universal? Or contained to one region?
When?
- What time period do you want to cover?
- Is it a current issue that affects people today?
- Do you need a historical look at the topic? How has it changed over time?
Your topic will likely go through many drafts before you decide on the best topic for your assignment. Your research question may change, narrow, or expand as you learn more during the research process. If you need advice about your topic, ask your instructor or your librarian.
Background Information Video
This three-minute video shows how to find background information
Subject Encyclopedias
Scholarly subject encyclopedias provide background information about specific topics. Entries or articles, written by scholars or subject experts, include bibliographies or suggested readings that will lead to more information on your topic.
You can use subject encyclopedias to identify keywords for your research in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences.
Search for Subject Encyclopedias (PSU Only)
Full-Text Online Reference Databases
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Very Short Introductions This link opens in a new windowProvides concise introductions on a diverse range of topics in the arts, humanities, sciences, and social sciences.
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CQ Researcher This link opens in a new windowOffers reports on key issues in the U.S.Congress from 1923 to the present. Includes a searchable archive by keyword, date, or subject.
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Sage eReference This link opens in a new windowContains full text encyclopedias and reference books in the social sciences and humanities. Search by keyword or browse by topic.
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Oxford Reference Online This link opens in a new windowContains full text subject encyclopedias, reference works, dictionaries, and handbooks in all disciplines.
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Oxford Handbooks Online This link opens in a new windowContains full text Oxford University Press handbooks on topics in the fields of business, management, philosophy, political science, and religion. Handbooks provide overview, background, historical synthesis and reference lists.
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Gale Virtual Reference Library (Portland State University Library Content) This link opens in a new windowFeatures full text scholarly encyclopedias and reference works. This expanded collection of the Oregon Gale Virtual Statewide Reference Library includes Portland State University purchased titles.